ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME…FOAM ROLLING DOES NOT EQUAL STRETCHING

Iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome is a debilitating condition that affects lower extremity function and is commonly associated with pain at the level of the distal lateral thigh and knee. The ITB is a superficial thickening of tissue that is an extension of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and tensor fascia latae (TFL). It inserts onto the lateral aspect of the patella by way of the lateral patellar retinaculum as well as Gerdy’s tubercle and the fibular head. In the event one seeks medical consultation for ITB syndrome by a physical therapist, chances are that they will be introduced to the foam roller. A foam roller is to the ITB as a steam roller is to pavement. More specifically, a foam roller will function to break down any trigger points and tissue inconsistencies in the structures of the lateral thigh (vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, ITB) and desensitize the region. Unfortunately, physical therapists oftentimes substitute foam rolling for proper stretching of the ITB. If the Ober’s test, which is used to assess for ITB tightness, remains positive after foam rolling then the therapist should focus more of their treatment on stretching the ITB and related structures. While I appreciate the “role” of foam rollers in treating ITB syndrome and encourage their use, especially as part of a home program, make sure to understand that foam rolling does not equate to stretching.